API MPMS 11.3.4 pdf free download
API MPMS 11.3.4 pdf free download.Miscellaneous Hydrocarbon Product Properties— Denatured Ethanol and Gasoline Component Blend Densities and Volume Correction Factors.
API gathered a series of laboratory density measurements at various temperatures, pressures, and concentrations for four BOB samples, four denatured ethanol samples, and the 1 6 possible combinations thereof. The laboratory results were evaluated to filter out outliers and procedural artifacts, and the remaining dataset of 1662 samples were used in regression studies. The studies determined the functions and parameters that best fit the “excess functions”. Combining the excess functions with the previously documented API MPMS Chapter 11.1 functions extends the range of API MPMS Chapter 11 .1 to blends of gasoline and denatured ethanol blends. 5.1.2 Source of Excess Thermal Expansion and Excess Volume When BOB and denatured ethanol are mixed, the two fluids are infinitely soluble in each other and form a single liquid phase. The fluids are chemically different in that BOB is a hydrocarbon mixture consisting primarily of non-polar and aromatic molecules and ethanol is polar. This difference leads to the fluids’ molecules interacting at a molecular level. A simple construct that explains the observed effects on physical properties, is that the ethanol molecules interfere with the densest alignment of the BOB nonpolar molecules leading to a decrease in expected density or the creation of “excess volume”. The same interaction causes the thermal expansion coefficient ( ) for the mixture to be larger than the coefficient expected for a hydrocarbon fluid of that density or for a volumetric average of the coefficients of the BOB and ethanol components.5.1.3 Units of Measure For this standard, the approach was to develop functions and procedures that extend the functionality of existing API standards to cover ethanol-blended fuels. The primary standard for temperature and pressure adjustment to base conditions is API MPMS Chapter 11 .1 . API MPMS Chapter 11 .1 accepts inputs and generates outputs in many units of measure, but all calculations go through an internal conversion to customary units for use in legacy correlations. It is intended for the algorithms in this standard to be incorporated into API MPMS Chapter 11.1 calculation engines. Therefore, all the calculations in this standard are based on the same units as used in the API MPMS Chapter 11 .1 legacy correlations. This is primarily manifested in the exclusive use of degrees Fahrenheit (°F) for temperature and kilograms per meter cubed (kg/m 3 ) for density. Volumes in the calculations shall use meters cubed (m 3 ). This is necessary because several equations multiply density (kg/m 3 ) by volume (m 3 ), and require consistent units of measure.6 Calculation of Blending Scenarios 6.1 Definition of Scenario Inputs and Targets In each of the scenarios, a hypothetical blending scenario requires calculation of the V 60 of the BGE with varying levels of information. Each of the scenarios is shown in Table 2. The parameters are classified into either “available” which is known and used in the calculation, “find” which is the objective of the calculation, and “–” which only designates that it is neither an objective nor required for the calculation. In the example calculations, the metered cubed (m 3 ) unit of volume measurement is indicated. Only one unit of volume measurement shall be used within the calculations. If another unit of volume measurement is required as an input or output, the user shall convert the input value to m 3 using the methods of API MPMS Chapter 1 5 prior to entering these calculations.API MPMS 11.3.4 pdf download.
